Fronting of GOOSE before /L/ (as in school, pool, etc.)
Paul M., 22, upper-middle class: Goose vowel: highlighted tokens before /L/
Sound sample: Paul M., 22: school
Keith T., 21, lower-working class: Goose vowel: highlighted tokens before /L/
Sound sample: Keith T., 21: school
Jane F., 30, lower-working class: GOOSE vowel; highlighted tokens before /L/
Sound sample: Jane F., 30: pool
![Jim R., 49 (b. 1922) [interviewed by William Labov in 1971], working class: GOOSE vowel; highlighted tokens before /L/](http://mlm.humanities.manchester.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/GOOSEL4.png)
Jim R., 49 (b. 1922) [interviewed by William Labov in 1971], working class: GOOSE vowel; highlighted tokens before /L/
Sound samples: Jim R. 49 (b. 1922): pools, school
Alan H., 76, lower working class: GOOSE vowel; highlighted tokens before /L/
Mary C., 63, lower-working class: GOOSE vowel; highlighted tokens before /L/
Allison K. 53, lower working class: GOOSE vowel; highlighted tokens before /L/
Sound sample: Allison K. 53: cool
Edward J., 50, lower working class: GOOSE vowel; highlighted tokens before /L/
Madonna, 36, lower working class: GOOSE vowel; highlighted tokens before /L/
Sound sample: Madonna 36: fool
Expected F2 of /KuwL/ (school, pool, etc.) by social class (74 speakers); (F2 constant + F2 regression coefficient for each class)